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Seminar on Electrical System Grounding & Electromagnetic Interference Analysis
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Course Objective
This course provides attendees a unique opportunity to acquire practical and up-to-date engineering knowledge, from the world's leading specialists and researchers, on how to study and design efficient and economical grounding and lightning mitigation systems. Whether you wish to protect a power system, plant or a nearby utility subjected to electromagnetic interference from power system faults, lightning or switching surges, this course will present pertinent principles for utility, industrial and various public installations, during steady state, fault and transient conditions, using realistic models of the environment.
The emphasis will be put on demonstrating scientific concepts using practical examples drawn from the extensive number of engineering studies conducted at SES since 1978 by Dr. Dawalibi and his team of researchers. Pertinent analytical derivations are included in the extensive Reference Manual made available to all course participants. One of the main goals of this course is to explain and eliminate many misconceptions, ambiguities and incorrect measurement, analysis and design techniques which still abound in the industry and are taught at some courses. |
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Course Outline
Course duration: 4.5 days
During Part I of the course, the three modes of electromagnetic energization will be explained. Earth resistivity measurement and interpretation techniques will also be discussed, for uniform and multilayered earth (soils with two and more horizontal and vertical layers). The concept of soil model equivalence and soil layer resolution will be explained based on computer simulations. The analysis and design of simple and complex grounding / earthing systems made of arbitrarily oriented three dimensional conductors buried in multilayered soils will be discussed and illustrated with practical examples. The case of a grounding / earthing system partially buried in a finite volume (e.g., backfill) of heterogeneous soil will be explored. The scientific concept of ground impedance measurements using the Fall of Potential method will be explained clearly based on various realistic soil models. Transmission line, buried cable and buried pipeline parameters (self and mutual impedances) in layered earth will be analyzed and fault current distribution computation techniques will be described. Electric safety concepts will be introduced and issues involving body currents, body impedances and foot resistances will be discussed for power frequency and high frequency electric exposure.
In Part II of the course, conductive and inductive interference effects caused by energized conductors on overhead and buried bare or coated metallic structures and conductors, such as pipelines, fences and communication wires, are introduced and investigated in detail. Mitigation methods and equipment are presented and their relative merits are discussed. Interaction between the sources of the interference and the victim lines or circuits will be examined in detail. Finally, electric and magnetic fields generated by energized overhead and buried conductors at low and high frequencies as well as during transient conditions, such as lightning strikes, will be described and typical analysis methods and computation results explained. |
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COURSE OUTLINE |
PART I |
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Registration / Introduction |
8:30 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. |
Session 1 |
Session 2 |
9:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. |
1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. |
Fundamental Concepts, Soil Models and Resistivity |
GROUNDING SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN |
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Electric energization modes
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Soil structure models and characteristics
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Impedance Concepts
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Soil resistivity measurement and interpretation
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Noise analysis & suppression
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“How far is far enough”
Computer Workshop |
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Theory of grounding system analysis
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Return electrodes and buried structures
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Horizontal, vertical, hemispherical, cylindrical soil layering and finite volume soils
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Design optimization to reduce GPR, touch and step voltages
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Computer Workshop
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Session 3 |
Session 4 |
8:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. |
1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. |
SES Software Packages Structure, Ground Impedance Concepts and Measurement & Interpretation
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Fault Current Distribution in Power System Networks and Line Parameters |
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Preview of SES software package
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Introduction to electrically large grounding systems
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Fall-of-Potential measurement technique
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Ground impedance measurement and interpretation
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Noise analysis & suppression
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Computer Workshop
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Fault current computation - simplified methods
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Multiple terminal systems; modeling of skywires, neutrals and counterpoises
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Steady-state conditions, harmonics and unbalances
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Fault current computation – detailed methods
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Computation of self and mutual impedances and capacitances of overhead and buried conductors; uniform and layered soils
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Modeling of transformers
Computer Workshop |
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Session 5 |
Session 6 |
8:30 am - 12:00 p.m. |
1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. |
ELECTRICAL SAFETY CONCEPTS AND CRITERIA |
Electromagnetic Interference Mechanisms |
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Electrical shock mechanisms
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Body current thresholds, IEEE Std. 80; IEC 479; effects of frequency; heart current factors
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Body impedance
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Foot resistance and new Thevenin concepts
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Effects of surface covering layers and contamination
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Computer Workshop
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Inductive interference mechanism -
Capacitive interference mechanism
Conductive interference mechanism -
Computer Workshop
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For those who are interested to participate in the Wednesday evening event, please remember to bring with you: |
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Wednesday
Evening |
6:00-8:30 |
Walleyball game (SES versus Participants) |
9:00-11:00 |
Complimentary dinner (if SES wins the game!) |
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PART II |
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Session 7 |
Session 8 |
8:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. |
1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. |
Electromagnetic Interference, Environmental and Mitigation Techniques |
Effects of Frequency on Grounding Systems, large grounding systems
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Modeling of pipelines and buried metallic structures
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Grounding design of valve and test stations
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Combined influence of inductive and conductive coupling and mitigation
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Effects of coating characteristics
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Environmental impact assessment
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Mitigation techniques and cathodic protection issues
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Computer Workshop
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Description of the field approach -
Frequency dependence of conductors
Performance at high frequency -
Extensive grounding systems
Effect of conductor characteristics on performance of grounding system Effects of circulating current from local generators in grounding study of a large power plant Induction to communication and protection circuits Stress voltage reduction -
Computer Workshop
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Session 9 |
8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. |
Electrical and Magnetic Fields, Transients and Lightning Shielding
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Computation of electric and magnetic fields
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Lightning transient studies
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Comparison of circuit and field approaches
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Lightning shielding analysis
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Capacitor switching in substations
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Computer Workshop
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Course Instructors
The principal course lecturer will be Dr. F. Dawalibi , an internationally recognized expert and authority in grounding and electromagnetic interference. In addition to his pioneering research work, Dr. Dawalibi was the project leader of the team which developed the GATL and ECCAPP software packages (EPRI EL2699 and EL5472) and the AUTOGRID® software package (CEA 249 D 541). He is presently the project manager of the research group in charge of developing and maintaining CDEGS®, the most advanced and powerful grounding and electromagnetic interference software package. Dr. Dawalibi has published over 160 technical papers, research and engineering reports and has presented more than 90 technical seminars and short courses. He has written part of ANSI/IEEE Standard 80 and he has also served as an expert witness at several challenging court hearings and is a technical advisor and industry consultant to several leading power, pipeline and railway utilities. |
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Course Fee
The course fee of $2,150 USD ($2,150 CAD) includes an extensive Reference Manual entitled "Power System Interaction with Earth and Industrial Utility Installations," annotated copies of course display materials, and several copies of pertinent technical papers published by the instructors. The fee also includes coffee and refreshments during the morning and afternoon sessions. Participants are encouraged to bring their own laptops for the workshop portion of the seminar. However, for an additional $US 200, we can provide you with a desktop computer fo the duration of the seminar. More information will be provided to prospective participants when they enroll. |
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Education Credit
Participants will be issued a certificate of completion and awarded the equivalent of 3.5 CEU or 35 PDH (35 hours of classroom instruction). The CEU or PDH is a recognized unit for recording participation in noncredit educational programs. |
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Cancellation Policy
SES reserves the right to cancel or change the dates or location of any of the seminars. In this case, participants will be notified immediately and any fee received will be refunded in full. Cancellation of course registration is accepted up to four weeks before the seminar, with a handling charge of 10% of the seminar fee retained. Cancellation after this date is subject to 50% of the seminar fee. No cancellation will be accepted two weeks before the start of the seminar. |
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How to Enroll
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